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傳奇女王 伊莉莎白一世.

2017/08/14 06:26:48 編輯: 瀏覽次數(shù):531 移動(dòng)端

  伊麗莎白一世Elizabeth I(1533年9月7日出生于格林尼治,即今日倫敦的格林尼治,1603年3月24日逝世于薩里),于1558年11月17日至1603年3月24日任英格蘭和愛(ài)爾蘭女王,是都鐸王朝的第五位也是最后一位君主。她終身未嫁,因此被稱為“童貞女王”。

  The reign of Queen Elizabeth I is often rerred to as The Golden Age of English history. Elizabeth was an immensely popular Queen, and her popularity has waned little with the passing of four hundred years. She is still one of the best loved monarchs, and one of the most admired rulers of all time. She became a legend in her own lifetime, famed for her remarkable abilities and achievements。

  Elizabeth was dedicated to her country in a way few monarchs had been or have been since. Elizabeth had the mind of a political genius and nurtured her country through carul leadership and by choosing capable men to assist her. Elizabeth was a determined woman, but she was not obstinate. She listened to the advice of those around her, and would change a policy if it was unpopular。

  When she ascended the throne in 1558, England was an impoverished country torn apart by religious squabbles. When she died at Richmond Palace on the 24th March 1603, England was one of the most powerful and prosperous countries in the world。

  伊麗莎白一世的女王生涯:

  繼位之初:1558年,年僅25歲的伊麗莎白在一場(chǎng)宮廷血腥的權(quán)力內(nèi)訌中僥幸活命,同年繼位。當(dāng)時(shí)英國(guó)正處于內(nèi)憂外患,天主教和新教對(duì)立和紛爭(zhēng),英國(guó)隨時(shí)都面臨著國(guó)家分裂和混亂的危險(xiǎn),同時(shí)還受到西班牙、法國(guó)等國(guó)家的威脅。

  宗教改革:伊麗莎白將英國(guó)的天主教和新教融合在一起,徹底解決國(guó)內(nèi)宗教紛爭(zhēng),從此徹底斷絕宗教內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的可能。這是伊麗莎白一世至今仍被英國(guó)人念念不忘的政績(jī)之一。伊麗莎白及之后的英國(guó)王室們因此擁有其它歐洲君主無(wú)法企及的地位和高度。

  發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì):伊麗莎白一世認(rèn)為民心最重要。她沒(méi)有向自己的百姓橫征暴斂,而是打造軍艦船只,鼓勵(lì)有勇氣的人去海外聚斂財(cái)富。從此以后英國(guó)的國(guó)庫(kù)迅速充盈。英國(guó)民間擺脫了苛捐雜稅,開(kāi)始安居樂(lè)業(yè)。經(jīng)濟(jì)從此進(jìn)入一個(gè)良性循環(huán)。

  海軍力量:伊麗莎白鼓勵(lì)海上擴(kuò)張,擁有了一支經(jīng)歷過(guò)實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練的熟練海軍兵源,從而為她打敗西班牙的“無(wú)敵艦隊(duì)”,洗雪國(guó)家前恥做好了充分的準(zhǔn)備。1588年,她派人率英國(guó)艦隊(duì)擊潰西班牙的“無(wú)敵艦隊(duì)”,確立英國(guó)的海上霸權(quán)地位。

  童貞女王:伊麗莎白曾說(shuō)過(guò)一句至今令人震驚的話——“我只可能有一個(gè)丈夫,那就是英格蘭?!? 她的這句話,在英國(guó)人心中造成了空前的震撼,對(duì)于英國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō),她就是都鐸玫瑰的化身。她的統(tǒng)治期在英國(guó)歷史上被稱為“伊麗莎白時(shí)期”,亦稱為“黃金時(shí)代”。

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