北大清華招生罵戰(zhàn)暴露中國大學(xué)功利主義.

　　A war of words has raged on the Chinese Internet this week. It doesn’t involve celebrities orpoliticians. It’s a battle between China’s top two universities, Tsinghua and Peking, overrecruiting new undergraduates.

　　本周，中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)上掀起了一場口水仗。它與名人或政治人物無關(guān)，而是中國兩所頂尖高校——清華大學(xué)和北京大學(xué)——之間的一場爭斗，其目的在于搶奪本科生生源。

　　Every June after the national university entrance exam, or gaokao, Chinese universities starttheir recruiting process: They call the students who received high scores on the exam, thestudents’ parents, their high school teachers and even members of their high schools’administrative staffs. They also arrange for promising recruits to visit their campuses.

　　每年6月，在被稱作“高考”的全國大學(xué)入學(xué)考試結(jié)束后，中國的大學(xué)便開始了招生工作。招生人員會聯(lián)系在這場考試中取得高分的學(xué)生，以及學(xué)生家長、他們的高中老師，甚至學(xué)生所在高中的行政人員。他們還會組織潛在的新生參觀大學(xué)的校園。

　　According to the Ministry of Education, 9.42 million students are vying for seven million spots inChina’s undergraduate and associate degree programs beginning in the fall of this year.Traditionally, the competition between Tsinghua and Peking for the cream of the crop has beenparticularly fierce. The majority of students with excellent gaokao scores usually choose toattend one of the two schools.

　　教育部表示，共有942萬名學(xué)生在爭奪今年秋季開學(xué)的700萬個本科和專科名額。一直以來，清華和北大對最優(yōu)秀學(xué)生的爭奪都十分激烈。一般而言，大部分高考成績優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生，都會選擇進(jìn)入這兩所學(xué)校中的一所就讀。

　　This year, when the Tsinghua freshman class will number 3,372 and the Peking class 3,665, themost conspicuous battle has featured the two universities’ freshmen recruiting teams inSichuan Province arguing on their official Weibo accounts, as initially reported by the websiteifeng.

　　今年，清華計劃招收3372名本科生，而北大計劃招生3665名;在這場尤其引人矚目的戰(zhàn)爭中，兩所大學(xué)的四川招生組在官方微博賬號上展開了舌戰(zhàn)。最早報道此事的是鳳凰網(wǎng)。

　　The Peking University team was the first to post its version of recent events in the province:

　　北大招生組首先從自己的角度，講述了四川省最近發(fā)生的情況：

　　The other school’s recruiting team made phone calls to students who rank in the top 10 andclaimed that Peking University had lied and would not let them into their desired majors. We arehere to respond: First, a promise by our team is always reliable. Based on the currentapplications to each department and number of people, there’s no way the students’ needscannot be satisfied. Second, from our experience in the past five years, it is the other schoolthat has frequently breached its promises to students. Please stop bothering the to-breshmen of Peking University.

　　“某校招生組給文理科前十選擇北大的考生挨個電話，稱北大欺騙了他們，不會滿足他們的專業(yè)志愿。在此我們回應(yīng)：1、招生組的承諾，一諾千金，目前報考各個專業(yè)的人數(shù)也十分合理，沒有任何不滿足的可能;2、從近五年的歷史看，恰恰是某校多次毀約，沒有兌現(xiàn)其承諾。請不要繼續(xù)騷擾北大準(zhǔn)新生。”

　　The Tsinghua team in Sichuan responded:

　　清華四川招生組回應(yīng)道：

　　Brother, it’s not a problem if you advertise Peking University so that they can make a betterchoice, even if you exaggerate a little. But if you decide to go beyond the policies and usemoney to lure the students, aren’t you afraid of exerting a bad influence over children?

　　“兄弟，給考生介紹北大情況，讓學(xué)生更好地選擇，你夸張一點也沒問題，但非要超越政策，拿錢誘惑考生，就不怕教壞小孩子嗎?”

　　The Peking University team then alluded to how it said Tsinghua had succeeded in recruiting tworecent top gaokao scorers with generous scholarships:

　　隨后，北大招生組暗示道，清華曾用豐厚的獎學(xué)金成功招走近年來的兩名高分考生：

　　Brother, in the past five years, you used a lot of money to buy up Tang and Guo. Do I need tobring this up? Here we reiterate that there’s no chance for anyone trying to haggle for moneyfrom us with their high scores.

　　“兄弟，過去五年你們砸錢買走的唐某、郭某，需要我講嗎?我們也再次說明，拿分來跟北大談錢的，門兒都沒有!”

　　The rival recruiting teams soon deleted the posts, but ifeng published screenshots of theargument, which went viral.

　　兩所大學(xué)的招生組迅速刪除了這些帖子，但鳳凰網(wǎng)發(fā)布了此次爭論的截屏。這些截屏在網(wǎng)上被瘋狂傳播。

　　Later, the Peking team returned to the squabble and suggested:

　　隨后，北大招生組重新回應(yīng)爭議，并提出以下倡議：

　　1. Serve the students truthfully. Do not lie or attack others. 2. Respect students’ own choices.Do not put pressure on the students through schools and parents. Do not use youngerbrothers to force their older brothers, nor use girlfriends to make decisions for their boyfriends. 3. Abide by the rules, treat every student equally, and object to any price demand.

　　“1、真誠為考生服務(wù)，不撒謊不抹黑;2、尊重考生本人的選擇，不通過學(xué)校、家長施加壓力，不用弟弟綁架哥哥、女友綁架男友;3、遵守規(guī)矩，公平對待每一位考生，也抵制漫天要價者。”

　　Some commenters on ifeng have been hard on the two schools. An observation with morethan 3,600 likes from a user in Fujian says: “With this kind of education, does our nation haveany hope? Everything is for vanity. Famous universities are vain, famous professors are vain,and the students, too, are vain. The common people are even worse.”

　　鳳凰網(wǎng)的一些評論者對兩所高校頗為不滿。一名福建網(wǎng)友發(fā)表的一則評論獲得了3600余次“推薦”，該評論稱：“這樣的教育，民族還有希望嗎?一切都那么功利，名校如此，名師如此，學(xué)生亦當(dāng)如此，國民甚之?！?/p>

　　For Tsinghua and Peking, the goal is to recruit as many zhuangyuan, the very top gaokaoscorers from each province, as possible and to set the cutoff scores, below which applicantswon’t be considered, as high as possible. According to a widely reposted commentary onHaiwai Net, the website of the overseas edition of the newspaper People’s Daily, the more topscorers a university lures and the higher the cutoff scores it sets in each province, the moreprestige it gains.

　　清華和北大的目標(biāo)是盡可能多地錄取高考“狀元”(每個省得分最高的考生)，并且把分?jǐn)?shù)線設(shè)定在盡可能高的水平?！度嗣袢請蟆泛Ｍ獍婢W(wǎng)站“海外網(wǎng)”上一篇被大量轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的評論稱，一所大學(xué)吸引的高分學(xué)生越多，它在每個省劃定的分?jǐn)?shù)線就越高，學(xué)校也會獲得更高的聲望。

　　As for the fect of recruiting the top scorers, Shangguan Caiwei, the author of thecommentary, offers an obvious example: “If the news says, ‘This year, the zhuangyuan fromevery province are attending Peking University,’ then everyone will believe that Peking Universityis the best university in the country. The same happens if it’s Tsinghua.”

　　這篇評論的作者上官采薇在談到招收高分考生的影響時，舉了一個明顯的例子：“如果新聞中出現(xiàn)‘某年高考，所有狀元均選擇北京大學(xué)’，可能所有人都會認(rèn)為，這才是中國最好的學(xué)校。反之亦然。”

　　Compared with recruiting top scorers, setting a high cutoff score is a trickier business. Ms.Shangguan points out that some students do not rank in the top 10 in their provinces, butthey still manage to be accepted to study at prestigious schools like Tsinghua or Peking. “It’snot because of their family background,” she said. “It’s because they determine the cutoffscores of the university in the province.” In other words, every university has a quota in eachprovince, so the goal is to fulfill the recruitment quota with a higher cutoff score than yourcompetitors’. So although some students do not seem like hot commodities, their scores areperfect for elevating the cutoff scores.

　　與招收高分考生相比，設(shè)定較高的分?jǐn)?shù)線是一件更棘手的事情。上官采薇指出，有些學(xué)生的排名并非全省前十，但他們卻能被清華或北大等名校錄取?！安皇强忌依镉惺裁磸姶蟛豢筛嫒说谋尘?，”她說。“而是因為，他/她決定了這所大學(xué)的錄取分?jǐn)?shù)線?！睋Q而言之，每所大學(xué)在每個省份都有一定的招生名額，所以他們的目標(biāo)是以高于競爭對手的分?jǐn)?shù)線來完成招生指標(biāo)。因此，盡管有些學(xué)生看起來不像是熱門人選，但他們的分?jǐn)?shù)對于提高學(xué)校的分?jǐn)?shù)線而言卻十分理想。

　　“If these students are taken by the competitors, then you’ll be forced to lower your own cutoffscore” to fulfill the quota, Ms. Shangguan said. “Once your cutoff score is lower than those ofyour competitors, you lose half of the battle of recruitment. This is what we call ‘a(chǎn) few pointsdetermine the difference between heaven and earth.’ ”

　　“如果這名同學(xué)被對方挖走”，為了完成招生名額，“分?jǐn)?shù)線會繼續(xù)下降”，上官采薇說?！耙坏┑陀趯Ψ綄W(xué)校，這場招生戰(zhàn)役，也輸了一半。可謂幾分之差，天上地下?！?/p>

　　Ms. Shangguan also lends credence to several seemingly apocryphal stories online: It is true,she writes, that a few Tsinghua and Peking recruiters traded blows and inflicted injuries on oneanother and that Tsinghua invited new recruits to campus and cut off their contact to theoutside world to make sure that the students selected Tsinghua. It is also true, she writes, thatduring the final three hours for applications to be accepted, Tsinghua recruiters pretending tobe students called all the phones at Peking University’s recruitment center in an unnamedprovince so that the lines stayed busy for real students in need of information from their rival.

　　上官采薇的話還表明，網(wǎng)上幾種看似可疑的傳聞都有真實性。她寫道，幾名清華和北大的招生人員曾拳腳相向，致使雙方都因此受傷，清華還曾把新生請到校園，切斷他們與外界的聯(lián)系，以確保這些學(xué)生最后會選擇清華，而這些都確有其事。她還寫道，在高考志愿填報最后一天的最后三小時，清華招生人員冒充學(xué)生，撥打某省份北大招生中心的所有電話，導(dǎo)致需要從清華的對手那里獲取信息的真正的學(xué)生無法撥通電話，這件事也是真的。

　　In another showdown between Tsinghua and Peking, covered in the Southern Metropolis Dailyas well as the CCTV program “News 1+1” on Monday night, a high-scoring Guangdong studentnamed Liu Junyan was bombarded by phone calls from both Tsinghua and Peking for threestraight days. The newspaper reported that after Mr. Liu chose to enroll at Peking UniversityGuanghua School of Management, the Tsinghua recruiter told him: “The business managementprogram in Peking University is not very good. Tsinghua’s business management is No. 1.”

　　《南方都市報》和中國中央電視臺周一晚間的節(jié)目《新聞1+1》對清華和北大之間的另一場較量進(jìn)行了報道。在這場競爭中，廣東省高分考生劉俊言就遭到了清華和北大連續(xù)三天的電話轟炸?！赌戏蕉际袌蟆穲蟮?，在得知劉俊言選擇就讀北大光華管理學(xué)院后，清華招生人員告訴他，北大的“經(jīng)濟(jì)專業(yè)很爛，不如清華的經(jīng)管學(xué)院”。

　　Mr. Liu said: “The fight over new recruits is understandable because the recruiters are underso much pressure from the schools that they resort to inappropriate ways to attractstudents. The recruiters should strengthen their self-discipline, and the authorities shouldban the universities from smearing one another. Let rationality rule the recruiting process, andlet the students enter their dream schools.”

　　“高校搶生源還是可以理解的，因為大家都被上頭逼著，壓力太大就會去走不正當(dāng)?shù)慕輳?，”劉俊言說，“應(yīng)該加強行業(yè)自律，主管部門加大對互黑行為的規(guī)制，讓搶生源回歸理性，讓考生進(jìn)入真正心儀的學(xué)校。”

　　Besides Mr. Liu, other commenters have seized on the deeper implications of the recruitmentbattle. An unsigned commentary on the Qianjiang Evening News site points out that Chineseuniversities’ recruiting tactics are so ruthless that they no longer serve the best interest of thestudents, but that such tactics occur only in a larger context:

　　除劉俊言以外，其他評論者還抓住了這場招生大戰(zhàn)更深層的含義?！跺X江晚報》網(wǎng)站上一篇未署名的評論文章指出，中國大學(xué)的招生策略非常殘酷，所以它們往往不再為考生的利益服務(wù)，但此類策略只會出現(xiàn)在這樣的大背景之中：

　　Since recruitment is part of university education and not an independent procedure, to someextent, it points to the problems in university education. Furthermore, universities are part ofthe social fabric. Therore, the idea that ‘score is everything’ represents a materialistic trendclosely linked with the materialistic tendencies in our society. The phenomenon that recruitingstudents has become ‘recruiting scores’ represents a sickness in universities as well as insociety.

　　“招生是大學(xué)教育的組成部分，其運作機(jī)制不是孤立存在的，它在某種程度上體現(xiàn)了大學(xué)教育的問題。大學(xué)又是整個社會肌體的一個部分，招生分?jǐn)?shù)至上，體現(xiàn)出功利趨勢，這和功利主義盛行的整個社會是同構(gòu)關(guān)系。招生異化為‘招分’，是大學(xué)之病，也是社會之病?！?/p>