【工作用語】當(dāng)CEO也要看面相？.

　　Ahh, the rigor of the Ivory Tower: the data sets, the regression math…the facial analysis?

　　Duke University researchers, in connection with the National Bureau of Economic Research, have found that CEOs are perceived to have more competent faces than non-CEOs. The Duke researchers also concluded that people responded more favorably to the faces of CEOs from large companies than from small business.

　　Another interesting finding from the 20-page report: that &aposbaby-faced&apos CEOs received lower &aposcompetence&apos scores than more-mature looking CEOs and tended to be paid less, though on the plus side, the baby facers got higher likability ratings.

　　And yet, &aposwe find no evidence that the firms of competent looking CEOs perform better,&apos the study concludes. Essentially, the &aposlook&apos of competence says very little about fective competence.&apos

　　In fact, a 1995 study in &aposPersonality & Social Psychology Bulletin,&apos which was cited in the Duke study, showed that &aposbaby faced&apos people, judged to be less competent, tend to be more intelligent.

　　The Duke study, which was published in March, asked students from Duke and University of North Carolina, to examine photographs about 1,500 CEOs. (To assure accuracy from a data set comprised of the N.C. antagonists, the researchers explained in a footnote, &aposThe email to University of North Carolina students was sent from our nber.org email addresses to avoid any Duke/UNC rivalry fects and to maximize the response rate.&apos)

　　So does any of this really matter? Well, yes. As superficial as it sounds, the research does hold up.

　　Physical appearance has been the subject of much academic research, such as a 1994 study in the American Economic Review that looked at the &aposbeauty premium,&apos&apos which determined that workers of &aposabove average&apos beauty earn more than worker with &aposbelow average&apos looks.

　　Other studies have asked people to look at the faces of political candidates, for a split second, while knowing nothing about the candidates&apos politics. The inference people make about whether a person looks confident often corresponds to whether that candidate gets elected.

　　Looks can be deceiving, but they still matter.

　　啊，象牙塔生活的艱苦：數(shù)據(jù)組、回歸數(shù)學(xué)……面部分析?

　　杜克大學(xué)與美國國家經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局(National Bureau of Economic Research)聯(lián)合進(jìn)行的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，首席執(zhí)行長(CEO)的臉比普通人看上去更有能力。杜克研究人員還得出結(jié)論，相比小公司CEO的臉，人們更喜歡大公司CEO的臉。

　　這份20頁的報(bào)告還有另外一個(gè)有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)：有著娃娃臉的CEO比長相更成熟的CEO的能力得分要低，收入也往往要低，不過好處是，娃娃臉CEO獲得的討喜評(píng)分更高。

　　不過研究得出結(jié)論，我們沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)有證據(jù)顯示外表看起來有能力的CEO領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的公司業(yè)績會(huì)更好。實(shí)際上，外表看上去的能力無法體現(xiàn)實(shí)際能力。

　　實(shí)際上，1995年《個(gè)性與社會(huì)心理學(xué)通報(bào)》(Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin)上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究顯示，娃娃臉的人雖然讓人感覺能力不足，卻往往更聰明。杜克的研究援引了《個(gè)性與社會(huì)心理學(xué)通報(bào)》的研究結(jié)果。

　　杜克的研究發(fā)表于3月份。該研究請(qǐng)杜克大學(xué)和北卡羅來納大學(xué)的學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察了約1,500名CEO的照片。(研究人員在腳注中解釋說，為了確保北卡羅來納大學(xué)學(xué)生構(gòu)成的數(shù)據(jù)組的準(zhǔn)確性，給北卡羅來納大學(xué)學(xué)生的電子郵件是從我們的nber.org電子郵件地址發(fā)出去的，以避免杜克大學(xué)和北卡羅來納大學(xué)之間競爭帶來的影響、獲得最大的回應(yīng)率。)

　　那么，研究結(jié)果真的重要嗎?是的。盡管聽起來很膚淺，研究結(jié)果確實(shí)是屬實(shí)的。

　　人的外表一直是很多學(xué)術(shù)研究的主題，比如1994年《美國經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)論》(American Economic Review)中發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究就對(duì)“美麗帶來的額外好處”進(jìn)行了研究，得出的結(jié)論是“中上”姿色的員工比“中下”姿色的人掙的要多。

　　在其他研究中，人們?cè)趯?duì)政治候選人的政治主張一無所知的情況下，對(duì)候選人的臉部進(jìn)行瞬間的觀察。人們對(duì)一個(gè)候選人看起來是否自信的判斷往往和此人能否當(dāng)選有很大關(guān)系。

　　外表或許具有欺騙性，不過仍很重要。