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GMAT閱讀中“朱莉效應(yīng)”是何意思.

2017/08/11 00:30:40 編輯: 瀏覽次數(shù):427 移動(dòng)端

  GMAT閱讀考試中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)“朱莉效應(yīng)”這種題材的文章, 那么在GMAT閱讀試題中的“朱莉效應(yīng)”又是什么意思呢?下面小編就詳細(xì)為大家介紹一下相關(guān)內(nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家以后的GMAT考試備考有一定的幫助。

  Angelina Jolie Pitt's decision to have her ovaries surgically removed, which the actress and director detailed in The New York Times on 24 March, was justified by her family history of breast and ovarian cancer as well as the discovery that she carries a gene mutation known to strongly increase risk for these diseases. Her story is expected to inspire other women to seek out genetic testing for cancer — but some will find themselves in a much less clear-cut situation.

  After Jolie Pitt disclosed in 2013 that she carries a risk-increasing mutation in the gene BRCA1 and had undergone a preventive double mastectomy, researchers documented a surge in demand for genetic testing. They called it the “Angelina Jolie Effect”1. But not everyone who pursues genetic testing comes away with a dinite course of action.

  Thousands of possible mutations in BRCA1 and the related gene BRCA2 elevate a woman’s risk of developing cancer. But it is impossible to say whether many of these mutations predispose someone to cancer, because researchers simply have not seen them enough to know their fects with statistical certainty….

  先給大家挖掘一下生僻詞匯

  ovaries:卵巢,子房 mutation:突變,變化

  mastectomy:乳房切除術(shù) predispose:預(yù)先處置,使…偏向于

  statistical:統(tǒng)計(jì)的,統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的 variant:變體,變種,多樣的

  geneticist:遺傳學(xué)者 finger-pointing:相互指責(zé),轉(zhuǎn)嫁責(zé)任

  fluke:僥幸成功,意外受挫

  長(zhǎng)難句解析:But it is impossible to say whether many of these mutations predispose someone to cancer, because researchers simply have not seen them enough to know their fects with statistical certainty.

  It 做形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是to引導(dǎo)的不定式to say whether many of these mutations…,后面because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,對(duì)前面句子進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。

  文章一開(kāi)始即講述安吉麗娜?朱莉?皮特在遺傳檢測(cè)后選擇預(yù)防性手術(shù)。安吉麗娜?朱莉?皮特決定接受卵巢切除手術(shù)這一事件,詳細(xì)情況在3月24日的紐約時(shí)報(bào)上進(jìn)行了刊登。由她的家人有乳腺癌和卵巢癌的歷史,以及她攜帶已知的基因突變的大大增加了罹患這種疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。她的故事有望激發(fā)其他婦女尋求基因檢測(cè)癌癥 - 但有些人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處在一個(gè)不甚明確的狀態(tài)。

  緊接著講述故事背景,經(jīng)過(guò)朱莉皮特透露,2013年,她攜帶高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的突變基因BRCA1,并進(jìn)行了預(yù)防性雙側(cè)乳腺切除術(shù),研究人員記錄了基因檢測(cè)需求的激增。他們把它稱(chēng)為“安吉麗娜?朱莉效應(yīng)”。但不是每一個(gè)追求基因檢測(cè)的人都有明確的行動(dòng)路線。

  在GMAT考試中這種類(lèi)型的文章在GMAT閱讀考試中并不少見(jiàn),OG上就曾介紹過(guò)“蝴蝶效應(yīng)”“魚(yú)群效應(yīng)”“名人效應(yīng)”等,所以了解做題方法很重要,讀文章的時(shí)候要多加留意,對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象或效應(yīng)要能夠進(jìn)行發(fā)散思維,這樣才能在答題的時(shí)候拓寬思路,順利完成答題任務(wù)。

  以上便是澳際小編為大家介紹的有關(guān)GMAT閱讀考試中“朱莉效應(yīng)”的所有內(nèi)容了,希望大家多多了解一下,并在接下來(lái)的實(shí)際備考中加以關(guān)注,相信通過(guò)大家的努力備考在GMAT考試中一切問(wèn)題將會(huì)迎刃而解。

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