新GRE高頻閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)——14修正法案.

　　新GRE高頻閱讀：GRE閱讀所占比重比較大，尤其新GRE考試更加注重邏輯推理能力的考察。因此，做GRE閱讀理解真題時(shí)不能一味追求速度與數(shù)量，而應(yīng)細(xì)心雕琢。下面澳際小編為大家推薦幾個(gè)新GRE高頻閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)，希望可以幫助各位考生打開閱讀思路，提高新GRE閱讀能力。

　　The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1868, prohibits state governments from denying citizens the "equal protection of the laws." Although precisely what the framers of the amendment meant by this equal protection clause remains unclear, all interpreters agree that the framers&apos immediate objective was to provide a constitutional warrant for the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which guaranteed the citizenship of all persons born in the United States and subject to United States jurisdiction. This declaration, which was echoed in the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, was designed primarily to counter the Supreme Court&aposs ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford that Black people in the United States could be denied citizenship. The act was vetoed by President Andrew Johnson, who argued that the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery, did not provide Congress with the authority to extend citizenship and equal protection to the freed slaves.

　　Although Congress promptly overrode Johnson&aposs veto, supporters of the act sought to ensure its constitutional foundations with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment.

　　(172 words)

　　1968年批準(zhǔn)的美國憲法第14修正案，禁止州政府剝奪公民的“平等的法律保護(hù)”。雖然制定此平等保護(hù)法案的確切意圖仍不明確，但是有所有解釋均認(rèn)同這點(diǎn)：制定者的直接目的是為1866年的《民權(quán)法》提供憲法保障?！睹駲?quán)法》保障所有在美國出生的人屬于美國的管轄。這一聲明后來在14修正法案中得以體現(xiàn)，主要是反對(duì)最高法院在“Dred Scott v. Sandford”案件中美國黑人可能被剝奪公民權(quán)的裁決?！睹駲?quán)法》被總統(tǒng)Andrew Johnson否決，Andrew Johnson認(rèn)為：13修正案廢除了奴隸制，但是沒能提供國會(huì)足夠的權(quán)力來擴(kuò)大市民權(quán)和自由奴隸的平等保護(hù)。

　　盡管國會(huì)很快推翻了Johnson總統(tǒng)的否決，但是《民權(quán)法》支持者又試圖確立起其憲法基礎(chǔ)，這就有了14修正案的通過。

　　4. The author implies that the Fourteenth Amendment might not have been enacted if(作者暗示14法案如果怎樣，就不會(huì)被訂制?)

　　(A) Congress&apos authority with regard to legislating civil rights had not been challenged(如果國會(huì)立法權(quán)沒有被挑戰(zhàn)。13法案順利執(zhí)行，自然不需要定制14法案)

　　(B) the framers had anticipated the Supreme Court&aposs ruling in Brown v. Board of Education

　　(C) the framers had believed that it would be used in deciding cases of discrimination involving non-racial groups

　　(D) most state governments had been willing to protect citizens&apos civil rights

　　(E) its essential elements had not been implicit in the Thirteenth Amendment

　　5. According to the passage, which of the following most accurately indicates the sequence of the events listed below?

　　I. Civil Rights Act of 1866

　　II. Dred Scott v. Sandford

　　III. Fourteenth Amendment

　　IV. Veto by President Johnson

　　(A) I, II, III, IV

　　(B) I, IV, II, III

　　(C) I, IV, III, II

　　(D) II, I, IV, III (答案)

　　(E) III, II, I, IV

　　6. In the context in which it appears, "overrode" most nearly means

　　○A trampled (答案)

　　○B(yǎng) extended

　　○C annulled

　　○D neutralized

　　○E compromised

　　以上就是關(guān)于新GRE高頻閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)——14修正法案的文章，各位考生可以進(jìn)行認(rèn)真閱讀與分析，從中推斷出出題人的出題思路，總結(jié)出新GRE閱讀的解題方法。GRE閱讀中文章結(jié)構(gòu)的把握以及作者的態(tài)度始終是最重要的。其次是讀懂文章，考生在讀新GRE高頻閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)時(shí)要時(shí)刻記住這一點(diǎn)。

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