【語(yǔ)言】 雅思閱讀考試必知的八類詞

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　　縱觀雅思閱讀類各種出題點(diǎn)，萬變不離其宗，路標(biāo)詞(Signpost Words)決定一切，參透八類最重要的SW，平均分就可以提到1分，當(dāng)然還需要接受專業(yè)的指導(dǎo)。讓我們認(rèn)識(shí)可能改變你人生的八類詞。

　　1.并列遞進(jìn)：(段落開頭出現(xiàn)這些詞，可以判斷出這一段以及上一段的主要內(nèi)容)

　　not only but also(立即咨詢)

　　further

　　then

　　next

　　subsequent

　　firstly…..

　　an alternative to this notion is … 對(duì)......的替換

　　2.對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折

　　轉(zhuǎn)折：On the other hand，however, but, nevertheless, nonetheless,

　　讓步詞：(中文是雖然+但是， 英文中只有一個(gè))

　　despite, inspite of, although, though, albeit, even if, even though

　　by contrast, by comparison

　　3.相似不同

　　相同: similar, alike, as, resemble, identical

　　不同：different, distinguished, unique, distinctive,unlike,

　　阻止......的大規(guī)模消失=實(shí)現(xiàn)多樣性：species diversity,linguistic variety, 萬花筒：kaleidoscope ，multiplicity 多樣性, multifaceted 多面性

　　我們要拯救語(yǔ)言，不讓其消失。

　　we should save the languages.

　　we should prevent languages from extinction.

　　We should achieve the linguistic diversity.

　　段落開頭出現(xiàn)下列詞匯，表示解決方案：

　　Initiative, solution, suggestion=proposal, way=approaches=method, find the access to the answers/solutions,

　　4.序列詞

　　開始：start, begin, initial=initiate=initiation, unfold, commencement, carry out

　　暫停：stop, pause, balk at, cease, turn off,

　　繼續(xù)：continue, go on, move on, carry on, subsequently

　　最后：last, finally, end, conclusion, consequently

　　5.強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　轉(zhuǎn)折為強(qiáng)調(diào)

　　否定結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　not, never, none, seldom (幾乎不)

　　little, few否定，不

　　I have few mistakes in this action, 在這次行動(dòng)中我機(jī)會(huì)沒有犯錯(cuò)。

　　far from

　　It is far from perfection. 但這次行動(dòng)離完美還很遠(yuǎn)。

　　fail to

　　given that 考略到

　　most of the teammates fail to cooperate合作 with each other. 大多數(shù)的隊(duì)員都沒能做到協(xié)調(diào)一致

　　缺乏：

　　insufficient, diciency, shortage, lack = not enough

　　所以領(lǐng)導(dǎo)說這可能是因?yàn)槲覀兤綍r(shí)缺乏訓(xùn)練。

　　And according to the commander, it is resulting from the lack of practice.

　　And insufficient amount of practice have devoted to/breed/generated/ this.

　　ADD注意力缺乏紊亂癥 attention dicit disorder

　　6.因果關(guān)系詞+ 起作用+ 有聯(lián)系

　　Overdose of salt could breed heart disease.

　　Overdose of salt has detrimental impact on the heart functionality.

　　Heart disease is related to overdose of salt.

　　Vocabulary is critical for reading.

　　Vocabulary could >> reading

　　positive link

　　negative link

　　原因：好benicial, 壞detrimental, factor因素, reason, cause, trigger, impetus behind 背后的推動(dòng)力, incentive誘惑因素

　　結(jié)果：=災(zāi)難：incident, accident, damage, hazard, detrimental, disaster, issue, 自然災(zāi)害catastrophe

　　導(dǎo)致：lead to, devote to, cause, generate,

　　trigger 動(dòng)詞，引發(fā)

　　breed養(yǎng)大，養(yǎng)育mother-breeding 母乳喂養(yǎng)-breast-feeding 母乳喂養(yǎng)

　　Isolation breeds linguistic diversity.

　　地理上的間隔導(dǎo)致了語(yǔ)言的多樣性

　　give rise to 催生, give birth to生出

　　由于: because of, as a result of, originate from, spawn from

　　起作用，有影響

　　be critical for ,be indispensible to…

　　have impact/influence on..

　　benicial好的 / detrimental壞的

　　vital, crucial, essential, elementary, primary,

　　7.比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)

　　表示“比較級(jí)”

　　你比我高。

　　You are taller than me.

　　I am shorter than you.

　　I am not as tall as you are.

　　You are superior over mein height. [A is Superior牛 over B in在 STH方面]

　　I am not superior over you in height.

　　I am inferior to you in height. [A is inferior弱 to B in STH]

　　Now we are under attack and outgunned by the enemies.

　　目前我們正在被攻擊，并且活力被敵人壓制超過。

　　A Out-名詞 B=vt.表示A在......方面超過B

　　You outheight me.

　　You outwit me.

　　Wit源自于wisdom，wit智慧

　　Be superiorover 比......牛

　　Be inferior to比......弱

　　A have superiority/advantage/edge over B in sth.

　　A have inferiority/weakness to B in sth.

　　Out-名詞 = 比較級(jí)

　　表示“最”

　　Chester is the craziest teacher in GE.

　　Chester is a craziest teacher in GE.

　　=Chester is one of the craziest teachers in GE.

　　=Chester is a very crazy teacher in GE.

　　A+最高級(jí)=very +adj

　　Very=extremely=ultimately=exceptionally=greatly

　　Narcissistic自戀的, narcissist自戀的人

　　8.舉例子

　　for example

　　for instance

　　事實(shí)：時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，人物

　　列舉：quote, cite, mention, talke about….

　　來證明：to illustrate/show/prove/express/demonstrate/showcase

　　It is evident that this proposal possess both benicial and detrimental impacts, while given that the merits way outnumberthe demerits, thus I reckon this is a partly implementable suggestion.

　　a comedian= the comedian= comedians 喜劇演員(這種職業(yè)的從業(yè)人員)

　　a policeman=the policeman=policemen

　　a cop=the cop=cops 條子

　　African Americans

　　the black people

　　Nigger

　　Sinopec 中國(guó)石化

　　Sino-Japanese

　　American-sino

　　閱讀王道原則：

　　★原文中有否定意義，題目中不出現(xiàn)否定意義(de-in-dis- -less)選F，NO

　　★當(dāng)題目中是比較級(jí)，大多數(shù)情況選擇NG

　　★當(dāng)題目中every，all, never, should, must, 等表示絕對(duì)概念的詞，選擇FALSE

　　★當(dāng)題目中出現(xiàn)基于前人觀點(diǎn)，TURE，出現(xiàn)忽略前人觀點(diǎn)，F(xiàn)ALSE

　　★當(dāng)題目中出現(xiàn)將來future，之后subsequent,f ollow-up，期待expect, predict, anticipate, estimate，下一次next，長(zhǎng)期影響long-term impact，去最后一段找。